IT Industry Essays - Telecommunications Companies, Telephony

IT Industry There are numerous progressions that happened in the modern association of interexchange media transmission administrations in the United States during the 1985-1995 period. We should take a gander at the general thought of Telecommunications. It is the two-path trade of information as voice or information messages between tow clients at particular geographic areas (5, 7). The two-way trade is currently a various path trade using PCs and the Internet. There are four significant zones of the media transmission industry in the United States. Innovation assumes a significant job in media communications. Prior to innovation, there was nothing of the sort as broadcast communications. During the multi year time frame there are some key advances in media communications because of innovation. With developing innovation, more organizations need a slice of the pie. There is a critical increment in significant distance transporters and an expansion in the size of these transporters. There is additionally a huge deluge in evaluating and rivalry during this that is all. Another key factor in the accomplishment of the media transmission industry is the guidelines built up for singular bearers and the business in general. With the expanding size of the business and the major mechanical advances, stricter guidelines must be available to keep the structure of the business. In conclusion, there are a few contrasts among nearby and significant distance bearers that must be taken a gander at to completely comprehend the business. There is additionally a fifth major viewpoint that characterizes Telecommunications, that is the American Telephone &Telegraph Company (AT&T) and the history behind it. Innovation is a key viewpoint in the development of media communications. On the off chance that one needed to highlight the single most significant purpose behind the new rivalry in nearby phone markets. It is the development of innovation. Digitalization has decreased boundaries between voice phone, information, and media administrations (9, 29). Chip are the head segment of computerized switches. So as their exhibition increments and their cost falls, exchanging costs fall and scale and degree economies increment (9, 13). Degree economies imply that a couple of organizations produce numerous administrations. The appropriation of advanced innovation in all parts of the system has improved execution and brought down expenses. Advanced transmission, regardless of whether over copper of fiber links or over the wireless transmissions, is cleaner and progressively secure because of increasingly solid cables(9, 16). Mechanical advances, for example, fiber optics and remote transmission have cleared the path for rivalry in the nearby trade. In any case, new innovation alone could not carry rivalry to the nearby trade (9, 10). It takes developments in interchanges innovation and new assistance contributions pressure the two providers and industry controllers to change (9, 2). In 1984, there was an enormous development in the size of the business and of its individual business. Transport advertised serious nearby business administrations in New York City (9, 9). Rivalry is met with forceful reactions, including value cuts and improved assistance contributions. The new intensity affected rates and contributions of neighborhood trade bearers in years to come. Specifically, the joining of nearby, significant distance, cell and link administrations sets up the basis for offering creative administration bundles at Bundled Rates (9, 11). Two elements are generally significant for the general focal points of the different new contenders: The gradual expenses of building neighborhood phone systems and the previous generosity with potential supporters (9, 37). There were gains and errors made by a few serious firms during this period. Rather than stripping itself, Ameritech proposed to interconnect with contenders and unbundled its system administrations selling administrations at nondiscriminatory cost-based rates (9, 11). They were attempting to be serious in a universe of syndication. In 1994, MCI chose a technique to manufacture its own nearby systems in chose urban areas for chose clients. Issues struck when they couldn't arrive at family units. It end up being pricey and MCI discreetly downsized its arrangements. MCI then chose to develop inside by making its MCImetro division (9, 11). These organizations were attempting unique ways to deal with contend with AT&T after the divesture. The cost wars during the period additionally had an effect on organizations entering the market. Since normal costs are wherever declining, solid scale economies win. Degree economies happen when a solitary firm can give a whole exhibit of administrations all the more efficiently than an assortment of firms who have practical experience in only a couple of those administrations. Extension economies come from the joint utilization of offices by a few administrations without considerable clog issues. Expenses of nearby trade administration is sub added substance which requires the expense of a given degree of nearby administrations when provided by a solitary firm is not as much as when divided at least two firms. In the event that creation

Environmental factors effecting motor skill development Essay

Youngster advancement is characterized with respect to how a kid ables itself to finish increasingly troublesome assignments as they develop in age. Advancement is regularly mistaken for development, which alludes to a child’s inclination to become greater in size. Guardians can become concerned effectively when a child’s formative aptitudes take longer then the â€Å"normal† or when weights of achievements are not fulfilled â€Å"on time†. Formative achievements are working errands or abilities that ought to happen at explicit ages. Seeing what explicit ecological variables impact the advancement of engine aptitudes in the baby and little child stages and how that looks at to my discoveries of the kids I for one archived, is the thing that will be talked about. I looked for different researchers who have ebb and flow data and scholastic research of comparative themes discovering data that was both, comparable with regards to my own exploration finishing u p a primary concern that the earth of these youngsters affect how they will learn. A typical subject that has been investigated in these diaries is Gross engine aptitude improvement. It is a particular factor that assumes an essential job in the child’s by and large turn of events and obviously joined with the earth in which the youngster is restricted to has a significant impact to the advancement of these engine abilities (newton 2008) . The point of this investigation was concentrating on the two primary ecological elements influencing youngsters engine improvement. Investigating the articles it uncovers that there are numerous specific factors inside the family subtleties, for example, financial status, mother’s instructive level, associations with family and the presence of kin can likewise influence a child’s engine capacity, Preschools additionally have turned into an infuencial part of advancement for all kids yet additionally can be a hindrance to a child’s improvement by not joining in, because of the straightforward actuality that these days a lot of time youngsters spend at them so by not having a kid experience existence with preschool would hinder them to the extent engine improvement goes. The social-social foundation where a youngster is raised from, makes explicit requests for his/her engine conduct. Understand more: Influences that influence children’s improvement exposition This idea can go with the way that development programs are significant for the improvement too, for example, physical training, particularly if the social-social condition that the kid is in doesn't expect them to be extremely dynamic. On the off chance that the youngster isn't pushed or has no inspiration to do theseâ obstacles, that are frequently underestimated, at that point can cause a long haul even life changing issue not far off. These are largely the â€Å"social norms† these days with kids. It is getting fantastically serious to get into universities and other kind of instructive projects and everything begins from these critical newborn child years where all these ecological components that the family contributes too have a state in what a youngster will resemble as it creates. A large number of these conditions are normal and frequently not over looked or broke down by guardians because of the explanation that the youngster is youthful to such an extent that thes e things don’t affect them yet. That is bogus, the initial five years of a child’s life are the most significant in building up these engine aptitudes for a mind-blowing remainder, and that is a reality that isn't taken a gander at close enough by guardians. This is a tremendous formative issue that has been occurring for ever and now that there is studies and documentation demonstrating that this here is right, it should be and is being placed enthusiastically. The entirety of the natural elements have some way assumed a job in the youngsters I watched lives but since of the constrained length of paper I will talk about the two most clear impacts. This motivation behind this paper is to record the condition that newborn children and little children are in and depict how these ecological elements have influenced them. To start I watched a baby and a newborn child yet both of a similar family. The two kids are various ages yet comparative situations and childhoods. I watched the youngsters in there home condition taking a gander at the circumstance as a Mother-kid association first then I watched the kin versus kin collaborations that the kids would in general take a like as well. I kept on following the kids on and off for about fourteen days at various areas and got the chance to watch the baby and newborn child in both of these settings. At every perception site I sat with a scratch pad and wrote down how they cooperated under these three conditions and noted of the environmental factors situations each time I watched. Toward the end I had a great deal of notes and data to look over, yet the way that I picked what data to uti lize was by sorting out my notes into my three primary cases at that point isolated them into baby and little child. All the circumstances that most every now and again occurred for every youngster I utilized as decisive data and disposed of the minor subtleties. Most of the fourteen days of watching the newborn child under these two cases my proof had all the earmarks of being very on point with different specialists considers. To start, the mother-newborn child relationship (parent-kid). Inside my examination I found when playing with one another the newborn child was substantially more receptive to this one on one play then a gathering of individuals. What I saw was the youngster didn't do as much looking and watching like measurements appear or as he did in different cases. seven out of multiple times the mother showed what I needed the newborn child to do, that included an engine ability, more often than not getting a square or a toy vehicle, the kid endeavored the activity in the wake of watching the mother illustrate. What I saw of those multiple times each of the seven of the fruitful attempts were on the grounds that it was directly before him. on the off chance that it was far away he would attempt with an alternate article that was nearest to him and wouldn’t even notification that he was utilizing an alternate toy. Concerning the baby he payed a lot nearer consideration yet on the opposite of his fifteen endeavors he really minded that he utilized a similar careful item as his mother. For him I utilized a test including tossing of a ball. His mom would toss the ball utilizing various styles, for example, over the head, two hand, one had, and under arm. Eight of the fifteen endeavors the baby effectively copied the engine expertise of which hand to utilize and the style wherein the mother tossed it, which was exceptionally amazing for this situation for the explanation this normally doesn't create until five or six years old. The following case I watched was the kin versus kin. regularly we think about the mother to be viewed as the pioneer to explicit youngster improvement. Notwithstanding, when the youngster has kin the circumstance turns out to be considerably more impacted. (circirelli 1975). A child’s position in the family or sex even of the kin impacts the communications they have. The earth utilized was by and by the home setting however the family has there own wilderness rec center outside in the patio. I utilized this play set to check whether these kin impacts can assume a job being developed of explicit abilities . Studies have demonstrated that, regardless of the age contrast among the offspring of the family, the senior kin lead the youngers’ conduct (circirelli 1975) and those thus emulate elders’ developments (abramovitch et al. 1979: Lamb 1978). As I proceeded with my exploration outside I watched and concentrated how theyâ were cooperating. The more youthful baby, shockingly can stroll at his age of sixteen months old. There was a lot of steps that the little child was approaching get to the highest point of the rec center and in the long run slide down the slide to just proceed with the procedure again and again. The baby kept on watching and watch for around fifteen minutes without any indications of him propelled to make a move or check out it. Amazingly the baby started pointing and muttering as though he needed to make an endeavor. He was brought over to the play set, ascending the means and in the long run we got him to go down the slide. He held his hands on the railings same situation as where she did as though he was duplicating her procedures precise and the impact of his elder sibling produced results. This entire procedure took around twenty-twenty five minutes yet once he attempted it one time, the newborn child, similar to his baby sister kept on doing the normal utilizing comparable if not a similar course. All things considered he was reluctant, the newborn child paused, examined, and afterward gradually broke down the procedure as he did it for his first time, and afterward kept on going on with the procedure as his elder sibling had been. The baby and the little child both have exhibited there creating gross engine aptitudes. These aptitudes are facilitated with numerous different pieces of the body, for example, the legs and arms and the capacity to see what one is doing and impersonate the other is all piece of the improvement of the these physical capacities of enormous body developments ( Berger, 2009). Reference segment 1.) kambas, A. (2009). natural components influencing preschoolers engine improvement. 2.) Infants find out about items from measurements and individuals. By: Wu, Rachel, Gopnik, Alison, Richardson, Daniel C., Kirkham, Natasha Z., Developmental Psychology, 00121649, 20110901, Vol. 47, Issue 5 3.) Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 4.)nicholson, T. (2010, june 2). What can a one year old do?. Recovered from http://t-nicholson.suite101.com/what-can-a-one-year-old-do-a244085 5.)Developmental Science; Nov2009, Vol. 12 Issue 6, p1060-1069, 10p, 3 Charts, 4 Graphs

Delhi Police Achievement

DATED 09/01/2013 PRESS RELEASE                                                  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â CENTRAL DISTRICT GANG OF INTERSTATE CHEATS INVOLVED IN INTERNET BANKING FRAUD BUSTED : FOUR ARRESTED With the capture of (1) Ajay Kumar Mishra, matured around 45 years s/o Parmeshwar Mishra r/o WZ-823, Palam, Village, Delhi, changeless location Add:- VPO& PS-Jainagar, Madhubani (Bihar), (2) Binay Kumar, matured around 35 years s/o Harish Chand r/o A-166, Devali street, Khanpur, Delhi,â â â â â perpetual location VPO-Kaitpwar, PS â€Sakatpur, Darbhanga (Bihar), (3) Ravi Shankar Pandey, matured around 45 years r/o A-63, close to Rama Public School, New Gopal Nagar Extn.Najafgarh, Delhi and (4) Jitender Kumar, matured around 40 years s/o S. R. Suman r/o 38/11, A Block, Amrit Vihar, Burari, Delhi, Central District has busted a tricking racket which had con ned a few agents by breaking the passwords of their ledgers and in this manner moving gigantic sums through web exchanges and RTGS move in different Accounts and by in this way pulling back the sum from these records situated in various pieces of the nation. Occurrence On 03-01-13, one Sh.Ravi Gupta, proprietor of a Metal Firm having his office in the region of P. S. Pahar Ganj gave an objection that Rs. fifteen lakhs have been moved from his Account wrongfully through Electronic Transferring System. On this, a case vide FIR No. 02/13 u/s 420 IPC was enrolled at P. S. Pahar Ganj and the examination was taken up. Group A group including Inspr. Suresh Kaushik, SHO/Pahar Ganj, SI Vinay Kumar, SI Dharmender Kumar, HC Satpal and Ct. Chand Ram was established under the management of Sh.Anil Kapoor, ACP/Pahar Ganjâ /Central Districts to catch the guilty parties. Examination During the course of examination, it was uncovered that the cash had been moved from the record of the complainant t o various Accounts of Delhi, Lucknow and Agra. It was additionally uncovered that Rs. seven lakhs had just been pulled back from ICICI Bank Green Park Branch where an aggregate of Rs. ten lakhs were moved. Sources were conveyed to catch the blamed people asâ it was speculated that they would move toward the bank to pull back the remaining amount.On 04-01-2013, based on mystery data, charged Jitender Kumar and Binay Kumar Mishra were secured by the police group from ICICI Bank Green Park Branch, Delhi when they were attempting to pull back the rest of the sum cheated from the record of denounced Jitender Kumar. During the cross examination, it was uncovered that the blamed are the individuals for an interstate pack, who were working in Delhi. The denounced people used to take guidelines from their accessories to be specific Ajay Mishra and Ravi Shanker Pandey.It was additionally uncovered that charged Jitender Kumar and Binay Kumar Mishra were doled out the assignment to orchestrat e operational Accounts of various people in various Banks all over India from where cash could be moved and the equivalent could be pulled back quickly even before the casualty came to think about the unlawful exchange from his Account. At the example of denounced Jitender Kumar and Binay Kumar Mishra, blamed Ajay Kumar and Ravi Shanker Pandey were secured by the police group from Dwarka and Najafgarh separately. Ajay Kumar and Ravi Shanker Pandey are the operational individuals from the gang.At the occurrence of denounced Jitender Kumar and Binay Kumar Mishra, Rs. 30,000/ - money has been recouped and the Bank Account where bamboozled cash more than Rs. four lakhs had been saved has been solidified. Further examination/cross examination is in progress. Usual way of doing things The individuals from the pack have intensive information and comprehension of Internet Banking. They used to hack the PCs of various organizations having their present Accounts in Multi National Banks. When they used to get the client name and secret word of Account through hacking, they used to follow the significant exchange of the victim.As soon as the denounced people used to have a generous sum in that Account, they used to move toward the specialist co-op of the Mobile Company of the casualty to get a copy SIM so the casualty may not get the ALERTS from the Banks of those specific exchanges. The individuals from the pack at that point utilized the client name and secret word of the Account to get the cash moved to a specific Account and from there on different individuals from the posse used to begin working and pulled back the cash through check, through ATM or would move the cash in various Account in various pieces of the country.The charged people used to redirect cash just from the Accounts in Multi National Banks as the exchange and withdrawal was nearly quick in these Banks. Recuperations †¢Ã¢ â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â Rs. 30,000/ - Cash and Rs. Four lakhs has been solidified in the Bank Accounts. †¢Ã¢ â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â Mobile telephones utilized in the activity. PROFILE 1. Ajay Kumar Mishra s/o Parmeshwar Mishra r/o WZ-823, Palam, Village, Delhi, Prem Add:- VPO& PS-Jainagar, Madhubani, Bihar is 45 years of age and has concentrated up to B. Sc. (Go) from LLMU, Darbhanga, Bihar.He came to Delhi in the year 1993 and joined a privately owned business as an Accountant yet asserted himself to be a CA. At present, he runs an office at Sector 6, Dwarka, Delhi giving Accounts Services and import/send out consultancy. 2. Binay Kumar s/o Harish Chand r/o A-166, Devali street, Khanpur, Delhi, perpetual location VPO-Kaitpwar, PS â€Sakatpur, Darbhanga (Bihar) is 35 years of age and has concentrated up toâ B. A. also, had filled in as Account Assistant in various privately owned businesses. At present, he runs a Security Agency and HR Consultancy from his living arrang ement. 3.Ravi Shankar Pandey r/o A-63, close to Rama Public School, New Gopal Nagar Extn. Najafgarh, Delhi is 45 years of age and has concentrated up to class tenth. He is in the matter of printing. 4. Jitender Kumar s/o S. R. Suman r/o 38/11, A Block, Amrit Vihar, Burari, Delhi is 40 years and has concentrated up to B. A. He fills in as Accounts Assistant in different organizations. (DEVESH CHANDRA SRIVASTVA), IPS ADDL. Magistrate OF POLICE, CENTRAL DISTRICT, DELHI. [pic]PRESS RELEASE | |[pic] | [pic][pic] |SOUTH WEST DISTT. | |â | Dated: 09/01/2013 BLIND GRUESOME MURDER CASE WORKED OUT IN NO TIME. TWO ARRESTED. Cell PHONE OF DECEASED, WEAPON OF Offense I. E KNIFE and MOTORCYCLE USED IN COMMISSION OF CRIME RECOVERED | |Highlights:- | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Gruesome visually impaired homicide instance of a Delhi Jal Board driver explained. | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Deceased created fixation towards accused’s youthful girl, which prompted his homicide. | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Two people captured | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Weapon of offense I. e. blade recuperated. | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Mobile telephone, shoes of the perished and three broken sim cards have been recouped. | |†¢Ã¢ â â â â â Motorcycle utilized in commission of wrongdoing has likewise been recuperated. | |â | |â |With the capture of two denounced people viz (1) Lady and (2)Rakesh (matured 24yrs) 's/o Nathhu Lal r/o Village Khajuri, Delhi, PS Bindapur, South-West District Police has worked out an instance of merciless homicide, which happened on the night of 06/01/2013 in the region of Mohan Garden, Uttam Nagar. Weapon of offense I. e. blade, cell phone and shoes of the expired, and bike utilized in commission of wrongdoing have been recuperated. Substance OF CASE On 06/01/13 a PCR call was gotten vide DD No. 60B at 10. 34 PM at PS Bindapur in regards to an unclaimed bag lying in D-Block, Phase-I, J Colony, Dwarka Sec-3. I. O.SI Ashok Kumar alongside sta ff came to at the spot where foul smell was radiating from the Suitcase which was enclosed by a blanket. Finding the issue dubious SHO/Bindapur and wrongdoing group were called at the spot and opened the bag where a male dead body matured around 30-35 years was found packaged. On examination throat was discovered cut with a sharp edge weapon and a polythene was discovered tied around the neck. The body was appeared to the quantity of bystander and neighbourers however in spite of best endeavors the personality of the dead body couldn’t be set up. Dispossessed of any option an instance of homicide vide FIR No. 0/13 u/s 302/201 IPC PS Bindapur was enrolled on DD No. 60B and examination was taken up in right sincere. Forward leap At the start, to set up the personality of the perished was the test before the police. Message with regards to subtleties and portrayals of obscure dead body was flashed. Break groups were shaped and were dispatched to the nearby Police Stations. Durin g this activity, a group drove by SI Ashok came to realize that an individual is absent from the territory of Mohan Garden, Uttam Nagar. The data was additionally evolved and photo of the expired was appeared to the relatives I. . senior sibling of expired. At long last the difficult work bore foods grown from the ground character of the perished was set up as Inder s/o Rajvir Singh r/o L-2/C-49, Mohan Garden, Uttam Nagar. Subsequent to building up the character of the expired, Police propelled a monstrous manhunt to follow the guilty parties. Nearby enquiries were made by the Police to separate pieces of information about the last observed of the perished. Detecting the gravity of the case an uncommon group containing Inspr. Rajvir Singh Lamba SHO/Bindapur, Inspr. Subhash Chand Inspr. /Investigation Bindapur, SI Ashok Kumar, H. Ct. Rohtash, Ct. Dinesh under the oversight of Sh.M. S Dabas, ACP/Dabri was comprised. The group hadâ a point by point examination plan and began to seek after the accessible leads. The group surveyed the zones bordering the scence of wrongdoing

Ivy League Return on Investment

Ivy League Return on Investment April 27, 2012 Of the top ten colleges where you get the best return on investment, four are Ivy League schools. Stanford, Duke, and Caltech are also in the top ten for ROI. The Ivy League return on investment is big. Dont believe us? Well give you the data so its not a matter of opinion. Every year, PayScale comes out with a ranking of return on investment for colleges around the nation. The 2012 rankings are out and who tops the list? That would be Harvey Mudd College where the 2011 cost for four years of education was $212,900 and the 30-year net ROI was $1,467,000. And what college is the ROI runner-up? That would be the California Institute of Technology where it cost $207,400 over four years as of 2011 and it led to a 30-year net ROI of $1,417,000. A pretty good return on investment, huh? The Massachusetts Institute of Technology placed 3rd with a 30-year net ROI of $1,238,000 at a cost of $208,100. Stanford University was close behind with a 30-year net ROI of $1,194,000 at a cost of $220,200. Right behind Stanford on the list are Princeton University, Harvard, University, Dartmouth College, Duke University, and the University of Pennsylvania. The University of Notre Dame rounds out the Top 10. Notice a trend here? Four of the top ten colleges with the best return on investment are Ivy League colleges. And Caltech, MIT, and Stanford are three of the most highly selective colleges in the nation. So if you dont think going to a highly selective college like an Ivy League college is worth it in the long run, you just might want to think again. The data presented by PayScale indicates where you go to college matters a whole lot in terms of your career earnings. What do you think about the Ivy League ROI? See the full data on PayScale and let us know your thoughts by posting below!

What Is a Blue Book

A blue book is literally a book with about 20 lined pages that college, graduate, and sometimes high school students use to answer test questions. More specifically, a blue book refers to the type of exams that require students to use these books to complete the test. Blue books generally require students to answer open-ended questions or a list of topics to choose from with written answers that vary from between a paragraph to an essay-length response. Fast Facts: Blue Books Blue books originated at Butler University in Indianapolis in the late 1920s. They feature blue covers and white pages because Butler’s colors are blue and white.Blue books can cost as little as a quarter a piece. Their covers often include a title such as, Blue Book: Examination Book, as well as blank spaces for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date. What to Expect Blue book exams generally are given in courses that involve the social sciences or English, such as classes on political science, economics, history, or English literature. Blue book exams can be a bit intimidating. The professor usually walks in and hands out a single sheet or two containing questions that students are expected to answer. Sometimes students are given two to four specific questions; in other cases, the professor breaks the exam up into about three sections, each containing a list of two or three questions from which the students can select. For answers to gain full, or even partial, credit, students are expected to craft a clearly and correctly written paragraph or essay that accurately answers the question or questions. A sample question for a blue book exam in an American history or a government class might read: Describe the influence of the Jeffersonian-Hamiltonian strains of thinking on American political thought through the decades and centuries. Just as if they were writing an essay outside of class, students would be expected to create a clear and compelling introduction, three or four paragraphs for the body of the essay that contain well-referenced supporting facts, and a well-written concluding paragraph. In some graduate or professional schools, however, a blue book exam taker might fill up the entire blue book during the course of a single exam. Since a blue book test might contain several such essays, students cannot simply bring a bunch of loose notebook paper that might easily get mixed up or mixed in with the papers of dozens of students handing in their exams. Purchasing Blue Books Blue books can cost as little as quarter up to $1 or more depending on where you purchase them. Students generally buy blue books at college bookstores, stationery supply stores, and even at some big-box stores. Students nearly always bring their own blue books to exams. Professors rarely hand out blue books to students, except at the high school level. You can easily recognize blue books, which often have a title on the cover such as, Blue Book: Examination Book, as well as spaces for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date. The section is listed because some college classes have several sections and providing a section number ensures that the completed booklets get to the right instructor and correct class. Why Colleges Use Blue Books Blue books are the main method professors use to administer written tests, though some universities are trying to do away with them. The exam books are convenient for professors. Certainly, students could bring a few sheets of notebook paper to class for exams. But that would increase the number of items each professor would have to organize and track. With blue books, the professor has only one book to handle from each student. With loose-leaf notebook paper, a professor might have to handle three or four pieces of paper, or many more, from each student. Even if each student stapled the loose-leaf paper, its easy for a page or two to become detached, leaving the professor scrambling to determine which loose page goes with which exam, often from among dozens of tests. And since blue books have blank spaces on the cover for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date, a professor can find all the relevant information about each student in the same location on each book. Many schools are opting for different colors than blue for their exam books. Blue books at Smith College are yellow, and at Exeter they occasionally come in white. Ten to 15 other colleges spice things up with a rotating color scheme, notes Sarah Marberg in her article Why Blue Books Are Blue, in the Yale News. Additionally, such schools as the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are trying to replace blue books and allow students to take exams on computers and computer tablets, but that requires spending thousands of dollars for special software that restricts students ability to surf the web looking for answers. History of Exam Books The beginning of blank, bound examination booklets is a bit sketchy, according to a paper published on Research Gate, a website for scientists. Harvard began requiring written exams during the early 1850s for some classes, and in 1857, the institution started requiring written tests in nearly all areas of study. Harvard often provided students with blank exam books because paper was still expensive at the time. The idea of using exam booklets spread to other universities; Yale started using them in 1865, followed by Notre Dame in the mid-1880s. Other colleges made the shift, and by 1900, exam booklets were widely used at institutions of higher learning across the country. Blue books and blue book exams, specifically, originated at Butler University in Indianapolis in the late 1920s, according to ï » ¿University of Virginia Magazine. They were first printed by Lesh Paper Co., and they were given their distinct blue covers because Butler’s colors are blue and white, according to the UVA publication. Colleges and universities have used the distinctive blue books ever since.

Hope As A Nursing Concept - 1987 Words

Hope as a Nursing Concept Hope is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul, And sings the tune--without the words, And never stops at all, And sweetest in the gale is heard; And sore must be the storm That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm. I ve heard it in the chillest land, And on the strangest sea; Yet, never, in extremity, It asked a crumb of me. (Dickinson Shurr, 1993) Introduction In Emily Dickinson’s poem, hope is introduced as an abstract idea in the free spirit of a bird. The bird crafts a continuous tune even when there are no words to sing. Then, an intense storm arises and creates opposition for the bird; however, even in the worst of times, it still sings beautifully. This scene conjures up images of a bird’s song, whistling above the sound of gale force winds and offering the promise that soon the storm will end. And though the speaker has felt the warmth of hope in the coldest of times and in the strangest of circumstances, the bird never asked for anything in return, serving the speaker selflessly. Hope, of course, is not an animate thing; it is inanimate, but the metaphor of the bird singing through the storm creates an image of hope is created in the readers’ minds. The inherent power of hope is reminded – it is always there, requires no maintenance, and is strong enough to see one through their troubles. Life cannot be planned. The future is a rut-filled road winding through a wandering countryside and who knows where itShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Of Hope And Its Implications For Nursing Practice1550 Words   |  7 Pagesawareness that hope is a fundamental nursing concept, not all nurses really understand its meaning. More often than not, the conceptual and practical meanings of hope are taken for granted. 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Is Mass Marketing Dead free essay sample

I am in the mindset to believe that mass marketing is becoming less and less significant and is on the road to meeting its demise. The idea of Mass marketing is for a company to get its message across to as many people as they can, and by doing this, they will filter out those who are not interested in their product, while still getting others who are interested to become customers, and then hopefully advocates. The only problem with this is that so many companies have used this approach throughout the years that many people are beginning to find ways to completely ignore these messages and ads all together. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Mass Marketing Dead? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion, technology is a huge factor in mass marketing being on its way â€Å"out the door†. With online marketing, program developers are always coming up with the next best pop up blocker; with visual television ads the inception of DVR and TIVO, potential customers are given the option to fast forward through the ads to get right back to their program; and with mobile phones and tablets, many apps have a 99 cent upgrade to allow a user to completely ignore the ads all together. Not only does technology with online marketing help potential customers ignore ads during their attempt to turn them into consumers, but it also allows niche marketing to step in and become more prevalent. A prime example to defend this belief is with social media. When one of the one billion plus Facebook users log into their account, immediately ads pop up. These ads are generated depending on where the Facebook User is located, what their relationship status is, what pages they have â€Å"liked†, and what they share on their walls. This approach is genius and doesn’t come off as intrusive. Before I had my first child, I was showered with ads about baby products that I should purchase, and â€Å"mom-to-be† programs. They were educational, and informative, and I totally bought into the marketing scheme. The ads Facebook users are presented with are almost impossible to ignore, as they are can be exactly what the person they are targeting is looking for. Communication has also changed mass marketing. The cost of communication is declining so this enables marketers to send more and more messages to their target audience. This is another deterrent for mass marketers, as in order to communicate with the people that you want to target, you need to make sure that the message you are intending to deliver is well thought out and detailed. This is against the normal practice of mass marketing, as in the past mass marketers used generic messages to draw consumers in. Niche Marketers have taken advantage of cheap communication as they make sure they are only reaching out to certain markets depending on their product. They understand that you cannot bombard people with information as it comes off as intrusive, and they know that only spending money to communicate with audiences that you want to have will help them be the most successful. Different tactics have proven over the years to draw consumers in. These tactics have proven that there is not a bright future for mass marketing. The idea behind successful marketing now, is to not tell someone that a product will make them happy, but it is about showing them how a product will make them happy. An example of how this shift in marketing has occurred is with what Samsung did for its’ customers at random airports. Samsung didn’t put up giant billboards and come up with a catchy song to draw any and every person to their product, they instead targeted those who already had Samsung phones and provided charging kiosks for their use. This was great to keep Samsung users, but it also made others that had different brands say â€Å"You know what? I want a Samsung! Another example is Nike, they created an app that gives users information about the shoes that players are wearing. They didn’t send this information out to anyone and everyone, but they subtly provided those with the slightest interest the information that they would need to become consumers. Now more so than ever before, niche marketers are creating trends for marketing that mass marketers cannot keep up with. The future of mass marketing does not stand a chance because of the amazing job that has b een done by niche marketers. They are seen as entertainers, educators, and friends rather than bothersome intruders. For the reasons above, I definitely feel that Mass Marketing is slowly on its way out. I think the focus now is not on catchy slogans, but on the solid cases that are presented for why consumers need certain products.