What Is a Blue Book

A blue book is literally a book with about 20 lined pages that college, graduate, and sometimes high school students use to answer test questions. More specifically, a blue book refers to the type of exams that require students to use these books to complete the test. Blue books generally require students to answer open-ended questions or a list of topics to choose from with written answers that vary from between a paragraph to an essay-length response. Fast Facts: Blue Books Blue books originated at Butler University in Indianapolis in the late 1920s. They feature blue covers and white pages because Butler’s colors are blue and white.Blue books can cost as little as a quarter a piece. Their covers often include a title such as, Blue Book: Examination Book, as well as blank spaces for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date. What to Expect Blue book exams generally are given in courses that involve the social sciences or English, such as classes on political science, economics, history, or English literature. Blue book exams can be a bit intimidating. The professor usually walks in and hands out a single sheet or two containing questions that students are expected to answer. Sometimes students are given two to four specific questions; in other cases, the professor breaks the exam up into about three sections, each containing a list of two or three questions from which the students can select. For answers to gain full, or even partial, credit, students are expected to craft a clearly and correctly written paragraph or essay that accurately answers the question or questions. A sample question for a blue book exam in an American history or a government class might read: Describe the influence of the Jeffersonian-Hamiltonian strains of thinking on American political thought through the decades and centuries. Just as if they were writing an essay outside of class, students would be expected to create a clear and compelling introduction, three or four paragraphs for the body of the essay that contain well-referenced supporting facts, and a well-written concluding paragraph. In some graduate or professional schools, however, a blue book exam taker might fill up the entire blue book during the course of a single exam. Since a blue book test might contain several such essays, students cannot simply bring a bunch of loose notebook paper that might easily get mixed up or mixed in with the papers of dozens of students handing in their exams. Purchasing Blue Books Blue books can cost as little as quarter up to $1 or more depending on where you purchase them. Students generally buy blue books at college bookstores, stationery supply stores, and even at some big-box stores. Students nearly always bring their own blue books to exams. Professors rarely hand out blue books to students, except at the high school level. You can easily recognize blue books, which often have a title on the cover such as, Blue Book: Examination Book, as well as spaces for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date. The section is listed because some college classes have several sections and providing a section number ensures that the completed booklets get to the right instructor and correct class. Why Colleges Use Blue Books Blue books are the main method professors use to administer written tests, though some universities are trying to do away with them. The exam books are convenient for professors. Certainly, students could bring a few sheets of notebook paper to class for exams. But that would increase the number of items each professor would have to organize and track. With blue books, the professor has only one book to handle from each student. With loose-leaf notebook paper, a professor might have to handle three or four pieces of paper, or many more, from each student. Even if each student stapled the loose-leaf paper, its easy for a page or two to become detached, leaving the professor scrambling to determine which loose page goes with which exam, often from among dozens of tests. And since blue books have blank spaces on the cover for the students name, subject, class, section, instructor, and date, a professor can find all the relevant information about each student in the same location on each book. Many schools are opting for different colors than blue for their exam books. Blue books at Smith College are yellow, and at Exeter they occasionally come in white. Ten to 15 other colleges spice things up with a rotating color scheme, notes Sarah Marberg in her article Why Blue Books Are Blue, in the Yale News. Additionally, such schools as the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are trying to replace blue books and allow students to take exams on computers and computer tablets, but that requires spending thousands of dollars for special software that restricts students ability to surf the web looking for answers. History of Exam Books The beginning of blank, bound examination booklets is a bit sketchy, according to a paper published on Research Gate, a website for scientists. Harvard began requiring written exams during the early 1850s for some classes, and in 1857, the institution started requiring written tests in nearly all areas of study. Harvard often provided students with blank exam books because paper was still expensive at the time. The idea of using exam booklets spread to other universities; Yale started using them in 1865, followed by Notre Dame in the mid-1880s. Other colleges made the shift, and by 1900, exam booklets were widely used at institutions of higher learning across the country. Blue books and blue book exams, specifically, originated at Butler University in Indianapolis in the late 1920s, according to ï » ¿University of Virginia Magazine. They were first printed by Lesh Paper Co., and they were given their distinct blue covers because Butler’s colors are blue and white, according to the UVA publication. Colleges and universities have used the distinctive blue books ever since.

Hope As A Nursing Concept - 1987 Words

Hope as a Nursing Concept Hope is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul, And sings the tune--without the words, And never stops at all, And sweetest in the gale is heard; And sore must be the storm That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm. I ve heard it in the chillest land, And on the strangest sea; Yet, never, in extremity, It asked a crumb of me. (Dickinson Shurr, 1993) Introduction In Emily Dickinson’s poem, hope is introduced as an abstract idea in the free spirit of a bird. The bird crafts a continuous tune even when there are no words to sing. Then, an intense storm arises and creates opposition for the bird; however, even in the worst of times, it still sings beautifully. This scene conjures up images of a bird’s song, whistling above the sound of gale force winds and offering the promise that soon the storm will end. And though the speaker has felt the warmth of hope in the coldest of times and in the strangest of circumstances, the bird never asked for anything in return, serving the speaker selflessly. Hope, of course, is not an animate thing; it is inanimate, but the metaphor of the bird singing through the storm creates an image of hope is created in the readers’ minds. The inherent power of hope is reminded – it is always there, requires no maintenance, and is strong enough to see one through their troubles. Life cannot be planned. The future is a rut-filled road winding through a wandering countryside and who knows where itShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Of Hope And Its Implications For Nursing Practice1550 Words   |  7 Pagesawareness that hope is a fundamental nursing concept, not all nurses really understand its meaning. More often than not, the conceptual and practical meanings of hope are taken for granted. 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Is Mass Marketing Dead free essay sample

I am in the mindset to believe that mass marketing is becoming less and less significant and is on the road to meeting its demise. The idea of Mass marketing is for a company to get its message across to as many people as they can, and by doing this, they will filter out those who are not interested in their product, while still getting others who are interested to become customers, and then hopefully advocates. The only problem with this is that so many companies have used this approach throughout the years that many people are beginning to find ways to completely ignore these messages and ads all together. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Mass Marketing Dead? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion, technology is a huge factor in mass marketing being on its way â€Å"out the door†. With online marketing, program developers are always coming up with the next best pop up blocker; with visual television ads the inception of DVR and TIVO, potential customers are given the option to fast forward through the ads to get right back to their program; and with mobile phones and tablets, many apps have a 99 cent upgrade to allow a user to completely ignore the ads all together. Not only does technology with online marketing help potential customers ignore ads during their attempt to turn them into consumers, but it also allows niche marketing to step in and become more prevalent. A prime example to defend this belief is with social media. When one of the one billion plus Facebook users log into their account, immediately ads pop up. These ads are generated depending on where the Facebook User is located, what their relationship status is, what pages they have â€Å"liked†, and what they share on their walls. This approach is genius and doesn’t come off as intrusive. Before I had my first child, I was showered with ads about baby products that I should purchase, and â€Å"mom-to-be† programs. They were educational, and informative, and I totally bought into the marketing scheme. The ads Facebook users are presented with are almost impossible to ignore, as they are can be exactly what the person they are targeting is looking for. Communication has also changed mass marketing. The cost of communication is declining so this enables marketers to send more and more messages to their target audience. This is another deterrent for mass marketers, as in order to communicate with the people that you want to target, you need to make sure that the message you are intending to deliver is well thought out and detailed. This is against the normal practice of mass marketing, as in the past mass marketers used generic messages to draw consumers in. Niche Marketers have taken advantage of cheap communication as they make sure they are only reaching out to certain markets depending on their product. They understand that you cannot bombard people with information as it comes off as intrusive, and they know that only spending money to communicate with audiences that you want to have will help them be the most successful. Different tactics have proven over the years to draw consumers in. These tactics have proven that there is not a bright future for mass marketing. The idea behind successful marketing now, is to not tell someone that a product will make them happy, but it is about showing them how a product will make them happy. An example of how this shift in marketing has occurred is with what Samsung did for its’ customers at random airports. Samsung didn’t put up giant billboards and come up with a catchy song to draw any and every person to their product, they instead targeted those who already had Samsung phones and provided charging kiosks for their use. This was great to keep Samsung users, but it also made others that had different brands say â€Å"You know what? I want a Samsung! Another example is Nike, they created an app that gives users information about the shoes that players are wearing. They didn’t send this information out to anyone and everyone, but they subtly provided those with the slightest interest the information that they would need to become consumers. Now more so than ever before, niche marketers are creating trends for marketing that mass marketers cannot keep up with. The future of mass marketing does not stand a chance because of the amazing job that has b een done by niche marketers. They are seen as entertainers, educators, and friends rather than bothersome intruders. For the reasons above, I definitely feel that Mass Marketing is slowly on its way out. I think the focus now is not on catchy slogans, but on the solid cases that are presented for why consumers need certain products.